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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a normal and crosswind takeoff and climb by describing—
a. procedures before taxiing onto the runway or takeoff area to ensure runway incursion avoidance.
b. normal and crosswind takeoff and lift-off procedures.
c. difference between a normal and a glassy-water takeoff (ASES).
d. proper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VY).
e. proper use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a normal and crosswind takeoff and climb by describing—
a. improper runway incursion avoidance procedures.
b. improper use of controls during a normal or crosswind takeoff.
c. inappropriate lift-off procedures.
d. improper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VY).
e. improper use of checklist.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a normal or a crosswind takeoff and climb from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a normal or a crosswind takeoff and clim
b. REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; AIM.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a short-field takeoff and climb by describing—
a. procedures before taxiing onto the runway or takeoff area to ensure runway incursion avoidance.
b. short-field takeoff and lift-off procedures.
c. initial climb attitude and airspeed (VX) until obstacle is cleared (50 feet AGL).
d. proper use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a short-field takeoff and climb by describing—
a. improper runway incursion avoidance procedures.
b. improper use of controls during a short-field takeoff.
c. improper lift-off procedures.
d. improper initial climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VX) to clear obstacle.
e. improper use of checklist.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a short-field takeoff and climb from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a short-field takeoff and climb.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a soft-field takeoff and climb by describing—
a. procedures before taxiing onto the runway or takeoff area to ensure runway incursion avoidance.
b. soft-field takeoff and lift-off procedures.
c. initial climb attitude and airspeed, depending on if an obstacle is present.
d. proper use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a soft-field takeoff and climb by describing—
a. improper runway incursion avoidance procedures.
b. improper use of controls during a soft-field takeoff.
c. improper lift-off procedures.
d. improper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VY or VX).
e. improper use of checklist.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a soft-field takeoff and climb from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a soft-field takeoff and climb.
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REFERENCES: AC 91-69, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a glassy-water takeoff and climb by describing—
a. procedures before taxiing onto the takeoff area to ensure waterway is clear of objects or obstructions.
b. flight control, flap, and water rudder use during glassy-water takeoff procedures.
c. appropriate planning attitude and lift-off procedures on glassy water.
d. initial climb attitude and airspeed (V, if an obstacle is present (50 feet AGL), or V).XY
e. proper use of after takeoff checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a glassy-water takeoff and climb by describing—
a. improper takeoff water way clearance procedures.
b. poor judgment in the selection of a suitable takeoff area.
c. improper use of controls during a glassy-water takeoff.
d. inappropriate lift-off procedures.
e. hazards of inadvertent contact with the water after becoming airborne.
f. improper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VY or VX).
g. improper use of checklist.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a glassy-water takeoff and climb from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a glassy-water takeoff and climb.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a rough-water takeoff and climb by describing—
a. procedures before taxiing onto the takeoff area to ensure waterway is clear of objects or obstructions.
b. flight control, flap and water rudder use during rough-water takeoff procedures.
c. appropriate planning attitude and lift-off procedures on rough water.
d. initial climb attitude and airspeed (VX, if an obstacle is present (50 feet AGL), or VY).
e. proper use of after takeoff checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a rough-water takeoff and climb by describing—
a. improper takeoff water way clearance procedures.
b. poor judgment in the selection of a suitable takeoff area.
c. improper use of controls during a rough-water takeoff.
d. inappropriate lift-off procedures.
e. hazards of inadvertent contact with the water after becoming airborne.
f. improper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VY or VX).
g. improper use of checklist.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a rough-water takeoff and climb from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a rough-water takeoff and climb.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a normal and a crosswind approach and landing by describing—
a. how to determine landing performance and limitations.
b. configuration, power, and trim.
c. obstructions and other hazards which should be considered.
d. a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed to the selected touchdown area.
e. course of action if selected touchdown area is going to be missed.
f. coordination of flight controls.
g. a precise ground track.
h. wind shear and wake turbulence avoidance procedures.
i. most suitable crosswind procedure.
j. timing, judgment, and control procedure during roundout and touchdown.
k. directional control after touchdown.
l. use of brakes (landplane).
m. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a normal and a crosswind approach and landing by describing—
a. improper use of landing performance data and limitations.
b. failure to establish approach and landing configuration at appropriate time or in proper sequence.
c. failure to establish and maintain a stabilized approach.
d. inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
e. improper procedure during roundout and touchdown.
f. poor directional control after touchdown.
g. improper use of brakes (ASEL).
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a normal or a crosswind approach and landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a normal or crosswind approach and landing.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a slip (forward and side) to a landing by describing—
a. configuration, power, and trim.
b. obstructions and other hazards which should be considered.
c. a stabilized slip at the appropriate airspeed to the selected touchdown area.
d. possible airspeed indication errors.
e. proper application of flight controls.
f. a precise ground track.
g. wind shear and wake turbulence avoidance procedures.
h. timing, judgment, and control procedure during transition from slip to touchdown.
i. directional control after touchdown.
j. use of brakes (ASEL).
k. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a slip (forward and side) to a landing by describing—
a. improper use of landing performance data and limitations.
b. failure to establish approach and landing configuration at appropriate time or in proper sequence.
c. failure to maintain a stabilized slip.
d. inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
e. improper procedure during transition from the slip to the touchdown.
f. poor directional control after touchdown.
g. improper use of brakes (landplane).
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a forward or sideslip to a landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a forward or sideslip to a landing.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a go-around/rejected landing by describing—
a. situations where a go-around/rejected landing is necessary.
b. importance of making a prompt decision.
c. importance of applying takeoff power immediately after the go-around/rejected landing decision is made.
d. importance of establishing proper pitch attitude.
e. wing flaps retraction.
f. use of trim.
g. landing gear retraction.
h. proper climb speed.
i. proper track and obstruction clearance.
j. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a go-around/rejected landing by describing—
a. failure to recognize a situation where a go-around/rejected landing is necessary.
b. hazards of delaying a decision to go-around/rejected landing.
c. improper power application.
d. failure to control pitch attitude.
e. failure to compensate for torque effect.
f. improper trim procedure.
g. failure to maintain recommended airspeeds.
h. improper wing flaps or landing gear retraction procedure.
i. failure to maintain proper track during climb-out.
j. failure to remain well clear of obstructions and other traffic.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a go-around/rejected landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a go-around/rejected landing.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a short-field approach and landing by describing—
a. how to determine landing performance and limitations.
b. configuration and trim.
c. proper use of pitch and power to maintain desired approach angle.
d. obstructions and other hazards which should be considered.
e. effect of wind.
f. selection of touchdown and go-around points.
g. a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed to the selected touchdown point.
h. coordination of flight controls.
i. a precise ground track.
j. timing, judgment, and control procedure during roundout and touchdown.
k. directional control after touchdown.
l. use of brakes (ASEL).
m. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a short-field approach and landing by describing—
a. improper use of landing performance data and limitations.
b. failure to establish approach and landing configuration at appropriate time or in proper sequence.
c. failure to establish and maintain a stabilized approach.
d. improper procedure in use of power, wing flaps, and trim.
e. inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
f. improper procedure during roundout and touchdown.
g. poor directional control after touchdown.
h. improper use of brakes.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a short-field approach and landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a short-field approach and landing.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a soft-field approach and landing by describing—
a. how to determine landing performance and limitations.
b. configuration and trim.
c. obstructions and other hazards which should be considered.
d. effect of wind and landing surface.
e. selection of a touchdown area.
f. a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed to the selected touchdown point.
g. coordination of flight controls.
h. a precise ground track.
i. timing, judgment, and control procedure during roundout and touchdown.
j. touchdown in a nose-high pitch attitude at minimum safe airspeed.
k. proper use of power.
l. directional control after touchdown.
m. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a soft-field approach and landing by describing—
a. improper use of landing performance data and limitations.
b. failure to establish approach and landing configuration at appropriate time or in proper sequence.
c. failure to establish and maintain a stabilized approach.
d. failure to consider the effect of wind and landing surface.
e. improper procedure in use of power, wing flaps, and trim.
f. inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
g. improper procedure during roundout and touchdown.
h. failure to hold back elevator pressure after touchdown.
i. closing the throttle too soon after touchdown.
j. poor directional control after touchdown.
k. improper use of brakes.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a soft-field approach and landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a soft-field approach and landing.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-S-8081-12.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a 180° power-off accuracy approach and landing by describing—
a. configuration and trim.
b. effects of wind and selection of a touchdown area.
c. the key points in the pattern.
d. a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed to the selected touchdown area.
e. coordination of flight controls.
f. timing, judgment, and control procedure during roundout and touchdown.
g. directional control after touchdown.
h. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a 180° power-off accuracy approach and landing by describing—
a. failure to establish approach and landing configuration at proper time or in proper sequence.
b. failure to identify the key points in the pattern.
c. failure to establish and maintain a stabilized approach.
d. failure to consider the effect of wind and landing surface.
e. improper use of power, wing flaps, or trim.
f. improper procedure during roundout and touchdown.
g. failure to hold back elevator pressure after touchdown.
h. poor directional control after touchdown.
i. improper use of brakes.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a 180° power-off accuracy approach and landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a 180° power-off accuracy approach and landing.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a glassy-water approach and landing by describing—
a. how to determine landing performance and limitations.
b. configuration and trim.
c. deceptive characteristics of glassy water.
d. selection of a suitable landing area and go-around point.
e. terrain and obstructions which should be considered.
f. detection of hazards in the landing area such as shallow water, obstructions, or floating debris.
g. coordination of flight controls.
h. a precise ground track.
i. a power setting and pitch attitude that will result in the recommended airspeed and rate of descent throughout the final approach to touchdown.
j. how to maintain positive afterlanding control.
k. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a glassy-water approach and landing by describing—
a. improper use of landing performance data and limitations.
b. failure to establish approach and landing configuration at appropriate time and in proper sequence.
c. failure to establish and maintain a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed and rate of descent.
d. improper procedure in use of power, wing flaps, or trim.
e. inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
f. failure to touch down with power in the proper stabilized attitude.
g. failure to maintain positive afterlanding control.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a glassy-water approach and landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a glassy-water approach and landing.
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REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a rough-water approach and landing by describing—
a. how to determine landing performance and limitations.
b. review of wind conditions.
c. how landing area characteristics can be evaluated.
d. selection of a suitable landing area and go-around point.
e. terrain and obstructions which should be considered.
f. detection of hazards in the landing area such as shallow water, obstructions, or floating debris.
g. configuration and trim.
h. coordination of flight controls.
i. a precise ground track.
j. a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed to the selected touchdown area.
k. timing, judgment, and control procedure during roundout and touchdown.
l. maintenance of positive after-landing control.
m. use of checklist.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a rough-water approach and landing by describing—
a. improper use of landing performance data and limitations.
b. failure to establish approach and landing configuration at appropriate time or in proper sequence.
c. failure to establish and maintain a stabilized approach.
d. improper procedure in use of power, wing flaps, or trim.
e. inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
f. improper procedure during roundout and touchdown.
g. failure to maintain positive after-landing control.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a rough-water approach and landing from an instructional standpoint.
4. Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related a rough-water approach and landing.
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